Ba
Ria
1. Population: 730,000
2. Geographical features:
Total area: 2,047.45 square km
Ba Ria - Vung Tau consists of 7 administrative units: Vung Tau city, Ba Ria
township and 5 districts: Long Dat, Xuyen Moc, Chau Duc, Tan Thanh and Con Dao.
Apart from Con Dao district located in the Eastern sea region, 75 nautical
miles in the South-West of Vung Tau city, 85 nautical miles in the East of Ca
Mau point, the rest of Ba Ria - Vung Tau is adjacent Dong Nai province to the South,
Binh Thuan province to the East, Can Gio district of Hochiminh city to the
North-West, the Eastern sea to the South and to the East with a coastal length
of 72 km. There are 7,000 ha of forest along the coast, of which Con Dao forest
and Binh Trau forest are classified National forests and need to be protected.
3. Ethnic groups: 4
Majority is Kinh people
Chinese: 10,000 people
Cho Ro: 6,833 people
Other ethnic minority: 8,286 people
4. Religions:
Buddhism: 122,457 believers.
Catholicism: 162,037 believers.
Caodaism: 7,012 believers.
Protestantism: 4,002 believers.
5. Cultural institutions:
Classified relics (as of7/5/1997): 30
Historical relics: 22
Cultural relics: 5
Beautiful relics: 3
Special relics:
Con Dao site (Revolution & Resistance relic)
Sight seeing spots:
Bach Dinh Xa
Thich ca Phat Dai
Niet ban Tinh Xa
6. Festivals:
Dinh Co festival (Long Hai townlet, Long Dat district): In the twelfth of
second month of the lunar calendar.
Thang Tam festival (Ward 3, Vung Tau city): In the seventeenth of the
second month of the lunar calendar.
Nha Lon Long Son festival (Long Son commune, Vung Tau city): From the
eighteenth to the nineteenth of the second month and the eighth to ninth of the
ninth month of the lunar calendar.
Ang Nhang festival (Bau Chinh, Ngai Giao townlet, Chau Duc district): In
the sixteenth of the second month of the lunar calendar.
1. Population: 825,997
2. Geographical features:
Domain: 797.7 square km
3. Ethnic group:
Kinh: 925,990 people
4. Religions:
Budhhism: 40,000 members.
Catholicism: 14,000 members.
5. Historical figures:
Le Van Thinh, Nguyen Quan Quang, Nguyen Dang Dao, Nguyen Dang Cao, Nguyen
Gian Thanh, Hua Tam Tinh, Nguyen Nghieu Tu, Thai Thuan, Nguyen Gia Thieu,
Nguyen Quang Bat, Nguyen Tien Tung, Nguyen Thien Tich, Nguyen Cao, Ly Cong Uan,
Ly Dao Hanh, Ngo Gia Tu, Nguyen Van Cu, Hoang Quoc Viet.
6. Cultural institution:
Maintenant:
Number of classified relics and heritages (accounting to 7/5/1997): 122
Historical relics:39
Architectural art relics: 51
Historical and Architectural art relics: 31
Archaeological relic: 1
Special relics:
But Thap pagoda
Chua Dau (Architectural art relic)
Scenic spot:
Do temple (Dinh Bang)
Phat Tich pagoda
But Thap pagoda
Dau pagoda
Tieu Son pagoda
Ham Long pagoda
7. Festival:
Phat Tich pagoda festival (Phat Tich ward, Tien Son district): From the
fourth of the first moon of solar calendar.
Dong Ky festival (Dong Quang ward, Tien Son district): From the fourth of
the first moon of solar calendar.
Lim festival (Van Tuong, Noi Due and Lien Bao, Tien Son district): From the
thirsteenth to the fourteenth of the first moon of lunar calendar.
Dinh Bang festival (Dinh Bang, Tien Son district): From the fifteenth to
the sixteenth of the third moon of lunar calendar.
Dau pagoda festival (Thanh Khuong, Thuan Thanh district): From the eighth
of the fourth moon of lunar calendar.
Ba Chua Kho temple festival (Vu Ninh, Bac Ninh town): From the twentieth
moon of this lunar calendar to the first moon of next lunar calendar.
Duc Vua Ba temple festival (Hoa Long, Yen Phong town): From the sixth to
the seventh of the second moon of lunar calendar.
Area: 6,814.22 sq. km
Population: 531,557
Provincial town: Dong Xoai town (belong to Dong Phu district).
Administration:
Town: Dong Xoai
Districts: Dong Phu, Loc Ninh, Phuoc Long, Bu Dang, Binh Long.
Economic potentialities: growing industry tree.
Tourist Attraction: the relics: Loc Ninh, Phuoc Long, Bu Dang - Bu Dop, Bom
Bo village.
Art: the activity culture of ethnic X’tieng.
Transport: means the transport is not accessible.
1. Population: 520,19
2. Geographical features:
Territory: 8,445 square km
Cao Bang is a border, mountainous province, located in the North-East of
Vietnam. It is adjacent to Lang Son province to the East, Ha Giang to the West,
Bac Can to the South, Quang Tay (China) to the North. It has 314 km of border
with China.
3. Ethnic groups: 7
Tay: 247,884 people
Nung: 185,614 people
Dao: 60,334 people
Mong: 38,433 people
Kinh: 23,780 people
San Chi: 5,169 people
Hoa: 1,226 people
Others: 2,674 people
4. Religions:
Budhhism: 300 believers.
Catholicism: 409 believers.
5. Cultural institution:
Classified relics (as of 7/5/1997): 20
Historical relics:19
Cultural relic: 1
Scenic spots:
Thang Hen lake (Quoc Toan ward, Tra Linh district)
Ban Gioc waterfall (Dam Thuy ward, Trung Khanh district)
6. Festivals:
Da Quan pagoda festival (Hung Dao ward, Hoa An district): from the ninth of
the first moon of the lunar calendar.
Spring festival (Soc Ha ward, Ha Quang district): from the ninth of the
first moon of the lunar calendar.
Nung Tri Cao temple festival (Vinh Quang ward, Hoa An district): from the
tenth of the first moon of the lunar calendar.
Quang Hoa and Tahc An firework festivals: from the second of the second
moon of the lunar calendar.
Sung Phuc pagoda festival (Thanh Nhat ward, Ha Lang district): from the
fifteenth of the first moon of the lunar calendar.
Thanh Minh festival (Phuc Senward, Quang Hoa district): from the third of
the third moon of the lunar calendar.
1. Population: 1,549,169
2. Geographical features:
Territory: 3,242.64 square km
Dong Thap is situated in South-West of Vietnam. Its transport system is
convenient, with 136 km of National highway IA. Located 162 km of Hochiminh
City, Dong Thap is a central province of the Mekong River Delta. Dong Thap is
adjacent to Cambodia to the North with a borderline of 52 km, Long An, Tien
Giang to the East, Vinh Long to the South, An Giang, Can Tho to the West. Dong
Thap has two seasons - the rainy season (from May to November) and the dry
season (from December to April ) - and an average temperature of 26,6oC.
3. Ethnic group:
Kinh: 99,3%
4. Religions:
Budhhism: 200,000 believers.
Catholicism: 45,000 believers.
Hoahaoism: 200,000 believers.
Caodaism: 3,100 believers.
5. Historical figures:
Thien Ho Duong, Nguyen Tan Kieu, Tong Phuoc Hoa, Nguyen Quang Dieu, Pham
Huu Lau, Tran Thi Nhuong.
6. Cultural institution:
Classified relics (as of 7/5/1997): 4
Historical relics:2
Cultural relic: 1
Scenic spot:
Tu Ton rose garden (Sadec town)
Longan garden (Chau Thanh district)
Tram Chim (Tam Nong district)
Go garden (Thap Muoi district)
Tram garden (Cao Lanh district)
Rose and madarin garden (Lai Vung district)
7. Festivals:
Go Thap traditional festival: from the fifteenth of the third moon to the
fifteenth of the eleventh moon of the lunar calendar.
Ha Noi City is the Capital of the Socialist Republic of Viet Nam. It used
to be Thang Long, the capital of the nation since 1010. In Vietnam's history,
Ha Noi has always been the political, cultural, scientific-technological
centre, as well as a great economic and political center of the whole country.
In the process of national renovation and development, Ha Noi has attracted
much investment, contributing to the development of the national economy in
general, and of the North Delta Region (Ha Noi-Hai Phong-Quang Ninh) in
particular.
Natural Conditions
Geographical Location
Ha Noi borders Bac Thai, Vinh Phu and Ha Bac provinces to the north, Ha Tay
to the south, Hai Hung to the south east. The Red River runs through the city
and the metropolitan area of the city lies on the southern bank of the river.
Topography
The city's topography gradually lowers from north to south and is divided
into 3 regions: the upper region includes Soc Son district, adjacent to Tam Dao
Mountain Range with an average height of 8-12m; the middle region with Dong
Anh, Gia Lam and Tu Liem districts, and the urban area with an average height
of 5-10m; the lower land in Thanh Tri district with an average elevation of
3-4m.
Area and population
Natural area : 921 sq. km.
Urban area : 40 sq. km.
Agricultural land : 44,392 ha
Forestry land : 6,782 ha
Land for construction : 20,272 ha
Residential area : 9,326 ha
Unused land : 11,285 ha
Population : 2,194,400 people (1994).
In urban area : 992,520 inhabitants;
in the suburbs : 1,163,350 habitants.
Urban density : 28,180 inhabitants/sq. km
Suburb density : 1,168 inhabitants/sq. km
(The highest density is found in Hoan Kiem urban district, while the lowest
is at Soc Son district)
Water resources
Apart from two large rivers - the Red River and the Duong River, the other
that run through Hanoi City are Calo, Nhue, and Kim Nguu. Hanoi has a series of
17 large and small lakes. The largest one is the West Lake at Ba Dinh district.
The water of the Red and Duong rivers contains a high level of alluvium.
When Hoa Binh Hydropower Plant on Da River is operational, the water levels
in the Red and Duong rivers change dramatically. In flood season, the levels
decrease by 1 - 1.5 m while the current flow increases by 165 - 285 cu. m. The
volume of water running on the surface and in underground is fairly abundant.
The underground water is of good quality, meeting the demand for human
consumption and industrial use.
Climate - Weather
The climate of Ha Noi is influenced by the tropical monsoon pattern. The
rain season falls between April and October with occasional storms and
typhoons. The dry season, between October and April, is often accompanied by
cold north-eastern monsoon wind. Drizzles occur between the two seasons. Spring
and autumn in Ha Noi are flavoured with cool weather.
The annual average temperature is 23.6 oC with its minimum of 4oC and
maximum 39.4 oC. Ha Noi daily temperature fluctuates by 6.1oC.
The annual average rainfall is 1,66. 80-85% of rainfall concentrates
between May and October. The annual average number of rainy days is 141. In a
heaviest rainy day, the rainfall level reaches 100 mm. Wind blows in two main
seasons, dry north-eastern wind in the winter and cool south-eastern wind
accompanied by rain in the summer. Each year, approximately 22 monsoon wind
periods occurs with an average wind speed of 1.5 m/sec-2.5 m/sec (the highest
speed is 34 m/sec in a 20 year cycle). The humidity level averages at 82%.
Infrastructure
Electric Power
The power sources for Ha Noi are supplied through the North Electric Grid.
Its daily average consumption is 5 million kwh, accounting for 26.8% of
electric power output of the entire region. The average per capita electric
consumption is around 465 kwh/year, four times the average figure of the whole
country. Hanoi enjoys the most favourable electricity supply for both
production and domestic consumption. Ha Noi power grid has been renovated,
ensuring its stable voltage and consistent daily supply.
Water supply and sewerage
Water supply
The total drinking water capacity provided by 13 municipal plants and
stations is 330,000 cu.m/day. Ha Noi's water supply system is made up of a
dual, new and old network of water pipes which spreads over 130 km. 46% of the
water volume is pumped through the new pipe network, and 56% through the old
one.
Despite the latest water-works renovation, the water supply system in Ha
Noi has yet to meet the demand, especially in the summer and hot days, when
some locations of the city do not have sufficient drinking water.
Sewerage
The drainage system of Ha Noi consists of a network of sewerage pipes
totalling 135 km, the pipe diameters are between 300-2000 mm, of which 60% are
of medium and small sizes of 400-600 mm. Of the total 135 km of sewerage pipes,
85 km runs through the old quarters of Ha Noi. The remaining 50 km serves the
expanded central area. Ha Noi now has 235 km of main streets. Yet, only 50% of
them have sewerage pipes.
Ha Noi drainage system is further assisted by a system of 38.13 km of
canals, 36.8 km of rivers and 17 large and small lakes.
Almost all sewerage water in Ha Noi is not treated, causing environmental
pollution and affecting the quality of life of urban inhabitants. Over 40 spots
around the city become little ponds when heavy rain falls. The renovation and
reconstruction of the entire Ha Noi sewerage system or selected industrial and
residential areas are a major concern and require efficient investment.
Transportation
Roads and bridges
In Ha Noi, there are 1,427 km of roads with 21.2% asphalt and 39% low grade
asphalt roads, 14% gravel and 25.8% earth roads.
The national routes running through the city are Routes No. 1 and 5
-linking Ha Noi to Hai Phong- and Routes No. 3, 2, 4 and 32.
To prevent Ha Noi-bound inter-provincial lorries from going through densely
populated streets, the alternative By-Passes I and II have been constructed.
The main outward roads from Ha Noi, which have been upgraded and widened,
are the southward-bound Giai Phong Road, northward and Hai Phong-bound Nguyen
Van Cu Road. The Southern Thang Long-Noi Bai Express Way linking Ha Noi to Noi
Bai International Airport of 14.6 km long has been recently put into operation.
The city has a total of 580 transport focal points, its metropolitan area alone
has 496 points.
The city has 2 interprovincial bus stations. The station for northern
provinces is located in Gia Lam district, the other for southern provinces at
Giai Phong Road. Taxis of the city are available all day long, taxi-ranks are
allocated quite rationally. In addition, there are other bus stations in Kim
Ma, Thanh Xuan, and Kim Lien.
The annual volume of goods and passengers passing through the stations
around Ha Noi is 6,610 tonnes and 11,445 passengers respectively. Hanoi has 54
km of railway transporting 1.60 million tonnes of goods and 3.25 million
passengers each year. Its central railway station is allocated at the center of
the city (Hang Co Railway Station). The quality of customer-services is getting
better.
Bridges
Ha Noi's great bridges over the Red River are: Long Bien Bridge for trains
and bicycles; the double-decked Chuong Duong Bridge for trains, motor vehicles
and others.
Ports
Ha Noi has 2 river ports: Khuyen Luong and Pha Den. Their annual capacity
is 591,600 tonnes of goods. The Chuong Duong River Wharf serves 280,000
passengers annually.
Airports
Ha Noi has 2 airports. The Noi Bai International Airport each year cater
400-500,000 passengers to 17 domestic and international destinations. Gia Lam
Airport is to be upgraded to cater domestic flights.
Communications
The post and telecommunication network of Ha Noi City is under expansion
and modernization.
The present telephone operation centres are capable to cater 82,000 subscribers
and the number will soon reach 120,000. The centres are equipped with a E1045
switchboard system with 45.500 numbers, Siements system 18,000, Neel system
17,000, and a GMS system catering 400 mobile phones. The rural areas are served
by a telecommunication network with 480 numbers.
The total number of subscribed telephones is 55,000 sets. It is estimated
the figure will be 80,000 by the end of 1994. The number of household
subscribers is to further increase. Public telephone boxes are allocated in high
density residential areas.
Socio-economic Situation
Social Situation
Administrative Structure
Ha Noi City consists of 9 urban and suburb districts. Urban districts are
Ba Dinh, Hoan Kiem, Dong Da, Hai Ba Trung; 5 suburb districts are Gia Lam, Thanh
Tri, Tu Liem, Dong Anh and Soc Son.
Governmental institutions, embassies, international organizations,
commercial transaction and services centres, hotels and other institutions are
concentrated in the two districts of Ba Dinh and Hoan Kiem.
Labor
Ha Noi is the second most populated city of Vietnam, after HCMC. Urban
residents occupy 33.6%, rural residents 55.4%. The working age people represent
57.6%. The urbanization process is oriented towards the development of industry
and services. The scientists and technicians of Ha Noi make up the greatest
force of intellectuals of the whole country with over 6,050 post-graduates,
20,000 graduates and 110,000 secondary technicians. With technical workers
added, the number will reach 40% of the total labor force.
In the process of urbanization, the population in Ha Noi's agriculture
sector is decreasing while migration into the city is on the rise, causing a
labour surplus. Ha Noi urgently requires investment projects to absorb over
500,000 unemployed laborers.
Family handicraftsmen are now accounted for over 110,000 people.
Education and training
Education and training programmes in Ha Noi are of the most developed in
Vietnam. They are now under further consolidation and expansion. Methods of
training are increasingly diversified.
In 1993, the city had 377 kindergardens with 20,000 children; 265
pre-schools with 30,000 children; 414 primary and elementary schools with
30,000 pupils; 39 secondary schools with 4,500 pupils; 27 technical and
vocational secondary schools with 10,000 students; 32 colleges and universities
with over 30,000 students.
Public Health
The city has 40 hospitals (26 under central management and 14 locally
managed) with 9,370 beds, 4 maternity hospitals with 200 beds, and a leprosy
treatment centre with 100 beds.
The city has 5,800 medical workers with over 35% of graduates and
post-graduates, 30% of highly qualified specialists, and several leading
experts in various medical fields.
Ha Noi also has 1,204 local health centers and 960 registered private
pharmacies. Despite of certain constraints, Ha Noi has gained considerable
achievements in primary health care for the people.
Culture
Ha Noi is a city of history and culture with thousands of architectural
monuments, pagodas, churches, relics, inscription-tablets etc..
Ha Noi has numerous historical relics associated with the foundation and
national defence of the country (Co Loa Citadel, Ba Dinh Square etc..). In the
present age of changes and development, Ha Noi municipal authorities and
scientists have formulated guidelines for the preservation of Ha Noi's Old
Quarters.
The present Ha Noi Capital is attracting investors and tourists from the
world for business and travel purposes. To cater the growing demand, the city's
service sector is developing. Various cultural, business centres and hotels are
under construction and renovation.
Economic Situation
Overview
Between 1991-1993, Ha Noi's production and business sectors developed
comprehensively. Its enterprises operate with better efficiency. The monthly
average price index gradually decreased: in 1991 the index was 4.16%; 1992,
1.23%; 1993, 0.7%, and the people's living standard started to improve.
In 1993, Ha Noi's GDP was VND 2,372 billion, up 11,2% compared to 1992,
presenting 7.2% of the national GDP, and creating 29,500 new jobs.
The city's enterprises alone accounted for VND 818 billion of the GDP. Its
per capita GDP in 1992 was USD 517; and USD 565 in 1993 while the figures of
the whole country were USD 230 and USD 242 respectively.
The city's economic structure is changing, though slightly, in all sectors.
In 1992 industry, trade, tourism, services, and agro-forestry accounted for
29.2; 64.2; 6.5% respectively, and in 1993, the figures were 30.7%; 63.1%;
6.1%.
Industrial Production
The figures of Ha Noi's industrial production in 1993 increased by 22.7%
compared to 1992, of which locally managed industry rose by 31.6%, the highest
growth rate ever seen so far, and the non-state industrial sector by 16.3%.
By the end of 1993, all enterprises in the city totalled 1,218 entities
with 320 state enterprises and 888 non-state enterprises. Of non-state
enterprises, there are 8 share-holding companies, 558 limited companies and 322
private enterprises.
At present, Ha Noi enterprises produce 90% of machine-tools, 74% of
electric engines, 60-70% of electric fans, 40% of bicycles, and 30% of water
pumps of the national total. However, their equipment and technology are out of
date and require upgrading.
Ha Noi is investing in the technical infrastructure of the Sai Dong Hi-Tech
Industrial Zone (Gia Lam district), which is 8 km east of Ha Noi, and 95 km
from Hai Phong, adjacent to the railway, National Route No. 5 and Gia Lam
Airport. The industrial zone's total area spreads over 350 ha.
The zone will attract industries that are calling for foreign investment
for the manufacturing of import-substitute and export consumer goods. Those
industries will assist the process of technology transfer, workers-training and
the intake of advanced managerial skills.
For the time being, DAEWOO of Korea has invested in a joint venture with
HANEL for the manufacturing electric equipment with a capital of USD 170
million. Ha Noi in the near future will establish the Soc Son Export Processing
Zone, adjacent to Noi Bai International Airport. The zone is located in a
favourable area where soil is unsuitable for agriculture, and geology stable.
It also benefits from a consistent supply of electricity, the communications
network and Thang Long-Noi Bai Express Way nearby. In the coming future, the
zone will become a city of 100-150,000 inhabitants with hundreds of large-scale
factories, creating jobs for its labour force and multiplying the volumes of
cargoes transported through Noi Bai airport.
Another Export Processing Zone is located in Soc Son, where Hanoi
Construction Company has collaborated with Rhenon Corporation from Malaysia in
the zone's infrastructure construction. The factories to be established in the
Soc Son E.P.Z will produce and assemble high tech products, spare parts,
radio-cassettes, television, optical appliances, high-quality toys, watches and
other precision mechanic equipment, etc..
Trade
Domestic trade: The city's total retail turnover in 1993 was VND 6,306
billion, increasing 23,8% compared to 1992, of which, state-managed sales
turnover was VND 1,892 billion, or 30%.
Foreign trade: Ha Noi's export revenue in 1993 was USD 105 million,
increasing 37% compared to 1992, of which:
Agro-products : USD 20 million
Garments : USD 15 million
Knitting fabrics : USD 10 million
Leather and shoes : USD 10 million
Handicraft products:USD 7 million
Towels : USD 6 million
Imports' worth in 1991 was USD 105 million, increasing by 2.1 times
compared to 1992.
Tourism And Services
Ha Noi and its surrounding provinces, within a 100 km reach, have numerous
tourist spots such as Dong Mo, Ngai Son, Dai Lai Lakes, Ba Vi, Suoi Hai (Hai
Spring), Ao Vua (Emperor pond), Den Hung (King Hung Temple), Chua Huong (Huong
Pagoda), Hoa Lu - Bich Dong, Tam Dao, Rung Cuc Phuong (Cuc Phuong Primitive
Forest)... Tourism turnover in 1993 was VND 400 billion, increasing by 33%
compared to 1992. Foreign currency generated by tourism reached USD 15 million,
increasing by 5% compared with the previous year. The number of foreigners
visiting Hanoi was 300,000, increasing by 13% compared to 1992.
The system of hotels, restaurants, trade centers, telecommunications and
transport has recently undergone upgrading and renovation.
Agro-forestry Production
Although Ha Noi's agro-forestry proportion to GDP decreased from 6.5% (in
1992) to 6.1% (1993), agricultural production increased by 7.7% compared with
1992. Commercial value per hectare of cultivated land reached VND 21.3 million,
increasing by 13% compared with 1992; crops and animal products are
increasingly diversified.
In general, agriculture output value has improved , however its commercial
value is still low, due to the underdeveloped agro-product processing industry.
Traditional arts and crafts in rural areas are gradually rehabilitated.
Foreign Investment
Since the Law on Foreign Investment was promulgated, 25 countries have
invested their capital in Hanoi; 105 projects have been licensed with a total
capital of USD 972 million.
Directions Of Development
Industry
The main approaches for the development of industry in Hanoi are:
Development with higher speed and better efficiency; priority is given
industries with advanced technology and high intelligence.
Intensification of the production of import-substitution and export
commodities.
Diverse economic sectors, further economic cooperation with foreign
countries.
Main targets: Raising industrial proportion to GDP from 28-29% to 32% in
2010. Growth rate will be 14-15% in 1991-2000 and 15-16% in 2001 - 2010. Over
30% of the laborforce will be absorbed.
Contribution to the total municipal budget revenue will be 16-17% times
higher than that of 1990. Integration of key industries: engineering and
electric appliances, textile-leather-garment, food and foodstuff, electronics.
The proportion of these groups to industry as a whole will occupy 78.4% in
2000, and 85.6% in 2010.
Rationalization of locality-based industries: existing industrial areas are
to be modernized, E.P.Z and hi-tech industry areas are to be established.
Further attention will be given to Soc Son E.P.Z, Sai Dong, Dong Anh, and the
South of Thang Long Bridge industrial areas.
Services
Ha Noi is to enhance the service sector so as to reach the advanced
standards comparable to those of the newly-developed countries around the
region. Structural changes in the four main services are to be effected: trade,
tourism, transport- communications-post, and finance- banking. In 1992, the
services structure was distributed as 36%, 5.5%, 6.8%, and 3.8 %. Between
20000-2010 the figures will be 42%, 13%, 8% and 5%, and 43%, 29.5%, 10%, and 8%
respectively.
The export of services and commodities will be enhanced to reach a growth
rate of 20%. The 2010's figures will be 17-18 times over that of 1992; the
value of USD 1.3 billion in 2000 and USD 5-6 billion in 2010 will be attained.
To realize those targets, between 1991-2010 the entire service sector
(including infrastructure) will require approximately VND 44-45 thousand
billion (1989 price).
+ Tourism.
The forecast for the year 2000 is 1.5 million tourists (including 1 million
foreigners), and by 2010 the figure will be 3.5 - 4 million (3 million
foreigners). Ha Noi will then need 9,000 hotel rooms and 12,000 employees to
serve the incoming tourists in 2000, and 22-23,000 rooms and 30-35,000
employees in 2010.
Tourism companies of Ha Noi pay much attention to the development of
international travel routes, linking Ha Noi to regional countries and others.
Agro-forestry
The increase in product value per area unit will be the main target in
agro-forestry production. Foodstuff production, crops and commercial plants are
to be further invested for both domestic consumption and export.
A forecast of agricultural structure development (%)
1990 2000 2010
The sector as a whole 100.0 100.0 100.0
- Crop cultivation 58.7 53.0 49.5
- Foodstuff crops 7.8 8.3 9.0
- Fruit trees 5.0 5.0 6.0
- Industrial crops 4.8 4.4 4.2
- Animal husbandry 41.3 47.0 50.2
Education, Public Health, Culture And Sports
- Education:
Further development of school variety: Public, semi-public, and private
schools. By the year 2000, pre-secondary education will have been popularized;
by the year 2010, secondary education will have been compulsory for people in
the working age. Technical and vocational schools are to be renovated and
re-structured to serve the demand of a market economy. Investment in schools'
logistics (classrooms, teaching aids etc.) and teachers'training will be
encouraged.
- Health care:
Ha Noi Health Services and the national Health Services are to implement
immediate health care programme to strengthen the services at precinct and
commune levels, especially the prevention of common diseases. Major hospitals
are to be renovated and private medical-pharmaceutical services are to be
properly managed.
The proposed targets of Ha Noi health care and related services up to the
year 2000 and 2010 are:
1992 2000 2010
1. Number of babies per mother 3.15 2.5 2.0
2. Doctors per precinct or commune 0.7 1.5 2.0
3. People per hospital bed 1000 500 300
4. People per doctor 2000 1500 1000
- Cultural development:
Traditional cultural features are to be preserved and enhanced, and
international cultural exchanges established.
- Promotion of sports:
Ha Noi is to construct a National Sports Center, develop Ha Noi's favourite
sports such as table tennis, volley ball, soccer, shooting, boxing, wrestling,
swimming, tennis, international chess, etc.. Professional teams of coaches and
sportspeople are to be established to enable participation in future
international competitions.
Development Directions For Economic Sectors
The government is in charge of key industries, i.e. manufacturing, textile,
electricity, electronics, pharmaceuticals, finance and banking, tourism,
communications, post, radio and television.
Ha Noi's non-state enterprises are to be further encouraged, especially in
handicrafts production and customer services. Passenger transport, hotel,
general education, vocational training and health care are services that will
also be developed.
A forecast of Ha Noi's GDP structure by sectors is as follows :
GDP structure (Unit : %)
1996 2000 2010
- Public sector 74.4 69 58
- Non-public sector 25.6 31 42
Urban Development
The urbanization process is to speed up with the development of Ha Noi
metropolis and surrounding cities, the upgrading of district and intercommune
centers, and raising the percentage of urban residents from 52% to 80% of Ha
Noi's population in 2010.
Other urban development targets are:
To construct Noi Bai City (in the peripheral of Noi Bai airport) of 100,000
inhabitants, with entertainment and tourist parks, a golf course and an industrial
focal zone.
To upgrade Ha Noi's Old Quarters around Hoan Kiem Lake and construct a new
urban center in Ho Tay (West lake) area.
To establish a business district with shopping centers, supermarkets,
banks, telecommunications and consulting centers, foreigner's clubs, premises
for foreign delegations, etc..
Ha Noi's inner-city transport and arterial networks will be improved. The
systems of water supply and drainage, power supply, post and communications
(television, broadcasting, telecommunications, telephone, etc.) will also be
improved.
The old gates surrounding the old Ha Noi citadel will be rehabilitated,
especially the gates leading to the inner-city from Noi Bai Airport, from the
South and Hai Phong City.
1. Population: 1,670,400
2. Geographical features:
Total area: 1,507 square km
3. Ethnic groups: 19
Kinh: 1,444,534 people
Tay: 258 people
Thai: 16 people
Hoa: 3,210 people
Kh'mer: 10 people
Muong: 67 people
Nung: 97 people
H'Mong: 4 people
Dao: 17 people
Nga: 20 people
Ede: 2 people
Ba Na: 11 people
San Chay: 7 people
San Diu: 1 people
M'nong: 1 people
Ra Grai: 34 people
Tho: 1 people
Co Lao: 4 people
Others: 229 people
4. Religions:
Buddhism: 70,000 believers.
Catholicism: 40,000 believers.
Protestantism: 1,800 believers.
Caodaism: 86 believers.
5. Cultural institutions:
Museums: 4
Traditional houses: 9
Classified relics (as of 7/5/1997): 80
Historical relics:24
Cultural relics: 30
Historical and Cultural relic: 24
Archaeological relic: 1
Beautiful spot relic: 1
Special relics:
Kien Bai temple (Cultural relic)
Sight seeing spots:
Do Son Beach
Trang Kenh (Minh Duc townlet, Thuy Nguyen)
Elephant mountain (An Lao)
Cat Ba national forest.
Cultural houses: 17
Libraries: 21
Cinemas: 3
Theatres: 5
6. Festivals:
Buffalo Fighting Festival: From the tenth of the sixth month to the ninth
of the eighth month of the lunar calendar.
Uncle Ho’s Visit to Cat Hai Fishing Village Festival (Cat Ba):From the
thirty first of the third month to the first of the fourth month of the lunar
calendar..
1. Population: 997,152
2. Geographical features:
Total area: 4,626 square km
Khanh Hoa province is divided into 3 main regions: mountains, plain and
coastal region with some islands belonging to Van Ninh district, Ninh Hoa, Cam
Ranh and Truong Sa.
3. Ethnic groups: 7
Rac lay: 24,429 people
Coho: 10,000 people
Ede: 2,038 people
Muong: 54 people
Thai: 36 people
Nung: 66 people
Tay: 72 people
4. Religions:
Budhhism: 200,000 believers.
Catholicism: 100,000 believers.
Protestantism: 4,000 believers.
Caodaism: 7,000 believers.
5. Cultural institution:
Classified relics (as of 7/5/1997): 5
Historical relics: 4
Cultural relic: 1
Special relics:
Panagar tower (cultural relic)
Scenic spot:
Ba Ponagar tower
Multi stones
Cau Da village
Tri Nguyen fish lake
Dien Khanh wall
Tien spring
Doc Let beach
6. Festivals:
Ba Ponagar Festival: from the twenty third of the third moon of the lunar
calendar.
1. Population: 730,000
2. Geographical features:
Domain: 10, 400 km2
Lam Dong is a province belonging to the South of Central highlands, with
many different ethnic groups. Lam Dong is 900 - 1600 m above sea level.
3. Ethnic groups: 28
Kinh: 515,000 people (majority)
K'Ho: 98,500 people (minority)
Ma: 30,000 people (minority)
Hoa: 18,500 people (minority)
Churu: 17,500 people (minority)
Nung: 14,600 people (minority)
Tay: 12,200 people (minority)
Thai: 7,750 people (minority)
Gia Rai: 3,800 people (minority)
Strieng: 150 people (minority)
Tho: 1,190 people (minority)
Kh'mer: 1,050 people (minority)
Muong: 840 people (minority)
Xtieng: 370 people (minority)
4. Religions:
Buddhism: 146,354 members.
Cao Daism: 12,094 members.
Catholicism: 171,320 members.
HoaHaoism: 586 members
Protentantism: 40,112 memebers.
Other religions: 65,110 members.
5. Cultural institution:
Maintenant:
Nmber of museums and traditional Houses: 5
Number of classified relics and heritages (accounting to 7/5/1997): 1
Number of Information Exhibition Houses: 13 (City: 1, Province: 1,
district: 11)
Number of cinemas: 4 (Province: 2, districts: 2)
Number of Mobile Information teams: 12
Special important relics:
Cat Tien (Archaeotogical relic)
Scenic spot:
Xuan Huong lake
Prem waterfall
Valley of love
Dambri of love
6. Festivals:
Nhu R'he festival, buffalo - stabbng (welcoming the new rice of Ma Group):
After the completion of havesting, in January (Lunar calendar)
Lir Boong Festival, buffalo - stabing (K'ho - Sre Group): After completion
of havesting, in January (Lunar calendar)
1. Population: 1,926,000
2. Geographical features:
Total area: 1,669.36 square km
Nam Dinh is situated in the South of the Hong River delta. It borders Ha
Nam in the North, Thai Binh in the East, Ninh Binh in the West and the East sea
in the South-East. There are 72 km of coast line and 4 large river: the Red,
Dao, Day and Ninh Co rivers. Its mountains and hills are low.
3. Ethnic groups: 5
Kinh (majority)
4. Religions:
Buddhism: (majority)
Catholicism: below 100 believers
5. Cultural institutions:
Classified relics (as of 7/5/1997): 60
Historical relics:19
Cultural relics: 16
Historical and Cultural relics: 24
Special relics:
Pho Minh pagoda and Tran temple
Lang Doi pagoda
Keo pagoda
Sight seeing spots:
Tran temple,
Co Trach temple,
Pho Minh pagoda (Nam Dinh city).
Co Le pagoda (Co Le - Nam Dinh)
BI pagoda (Nam Giang - Nam Ninh)
Keo pagoda (Xuan Hong - Xuan Thuy)
Ngoi pagoda, Huong pagoda (Hai Anh - Hai Hau)
6. Festivals:
Tran Hung Dao traditional festival: From the fifth day to the twelfth day
of the eight month of the lunar calendar.
Keo pagoda festival: From the twelfth day to the fifteenth day of the
eleventh month of the lunar calendar.
Co Le pagoda festival: From the fifth day to the twelfth day of the
eleventh month of the lunar calendar.
1. Population: 1,261,950
2. Geographical features:
Total area: 3,465.12 square km
Phu Tho province is divided into 2 regions: midland and mountainous region.
3. Ethnic groups: 29
Muong: 13,319 people
Dao: 8,987 people
Hoa: 323 people
Cao Lau: 700 people
Tay: 1,290 people
Nung: 313 people
Tho: 212 people
Thai: 174 people
H'mong: 680 people
Na Chi: 10 people
Kh'mer: 26 people
Gia Lai: 18 people
Ngai: 22 people
Ede: 42 people
Ba Na: 26 people
Su Dang: 4 people
San Chay: 5,425 people
Coho: 22 people
Cham: 5 people
M'Nong: 12 people
Van Kieu: 5 people
Giang: 35 people
Kho Mu: 5 people
Ta Oi: 12 people
Ha Nhi: 8 people
Sa Chi: 12 people
Phu Sa: 6 people
Lo Lo: 4 people
Pho Ho: 5 people
4. Religions:
Buddhism: 20,000 believers.
Catholicism: 107,689 believers.
5. Historical figures:
Celebrities - outstanding figures : Thieu Hoa, Ha Bong, Dang Minh Khiem,
Nguyen Van Chat, Nguyen Man Doc, Xuan Nuong, Le Ngoc Trinh, Dinh Cong Moc,
Nguyen Thuyen, Nguyen Hang, Vu Due.
Revolutionary heroes: 28
6. Cultural institutions:
Museums and Houses of Traditions: 5
Cultural relics and historical sites (as of 7/5/1997): 32
Historical sites: 8
Cultural relics: 20
Historical and Cultural relics: 4
Cultural relics with special architectural importance:
Hung Temple (Historical relic)
Tho Tang Communal House
Binh Son Tower
Huong Canh Communal House
Phung Nguyen Culture
Dong Dau Culture
Go Mun culture (Archaeological site)
Sight seeing spots:
Ao Trau Marsh (Thanh Hoa district)
Cultural Houses: 7 (province: 1, districts: 6)
Libraries: 8 (province: 1, districts and townships: 7)
Mobile information teams: 12 (province: 1, district: 11)
Cinemas: 3
7. Festivals:
Hung temple festival: From the third to the seventh of the third month of
the Lunar calendar.
Hien Quang festival (Tam Thanh): From the twelfth of the first month of the
Lunar calendar.
1. Population: 1,218,900
2. Geographical features:
Total area: 5,166.8 km2
Located in the southern central coastal region, Quang Ngai is ajacent to
Quang Nam to the north and westnorth, to Binh Dinh to the south, to the East
Sea to the east, Kon Tum to the west, Gia Lai to the southwest.
Big rivers: Tra Khuc, Ve, Tra Bong, and Tra Cau.
With a coast of more than 130 km, Quang Ngai has several important river
mouths like: Sa Can, Sa Ky, Cua Dai (Co Luy), Cua Lo, My A, Sa Huynh. It also
has deep sea regionslike Dung Quat Nho Na, Viet Thanh...
Quang Ngai's western forests and mountains occupy three fourth of the total
area of the province. Its highest mountains are : Ca Dam (1,600 m), Da Vach
(Thach Bich 1,500 m), Cao Muon (1,085 m).
3. Ethnic groups: 5
Kinh: 1,082,984 people (majority)
Hre: 104,149 people (minority)
Kor: 21,881 people (minority)
Kadong: 4,445 people (minority)
Others: 1,441 people (minority)
4. Religions:
Buddhism: 10,000 believers.
Catholicism: 6,000 believers.
Protestantism: 13,000 believers.
Caodaism: 2,000 believers.
5. Cultural institution:
Classified relics (as of 7/5/1997) : 20
Historical relics: 13
Architectural relics: 2
Scenic relics: 2
Historical and scenic relics: 1
Special important relics
Scenic spots:
Sa Huynh scenic relic (Duc Pho District).
Ba To Uprising relic (BaTo District).
Tra Bong Uprising relic (Tra Bong District).
Van Tuong Victory relic(Tra Bong District).
Ba Gia Victory relic (Son Tinh District).
Son My Memorial (Son Tinh District).
Ly Son island.
Upstream Lake and Thach Nham Hydroelectric work.
Co Luy Co Thon scenic relic
6. Festivals:
"Four - Holy - Animal" Boat Racing Festival: from the 1st of the
5th moon to the 1st of the 7th moon of the lunar calendar
Tinh Long Boat Racing Festival: 5-6th day of the 1st moon of the lunar
calendar
Whale Worship Festival (coastal districts): from the 4th moon to the 7th
moon of the lunar calendar, with peak times at the 15th days of the 4th and 7th
moon of the lunar calendar
Ka Capo Festival of the Ca Dong (Son Tay district): 2nd, 3rd moon of the
lunar calendar
Thien An Pagoda Festival (Son Tinh district): 15th of the 7th moon of the
lunar calendar
Buffalo Stabbing Festival of the Hre, Cor: 2nd, 3rd moon of the lunar
calendar
Seafood Catching Festival (Sa Huynh): 1st of 4th moon of the lunar
calendar.
1. Population: 867,885
2. Geographical features:
Total area: 14,100 square km
Son La is close to Lai Chau, Lao Cai, Yen Bai, Thanh Hoa, Hoa Binh and has
a 250 km border with Laos. It is 600 m above sea level the plateau of Moc Chau
is the highest area, with 1,050 m.
3. Ethnic groups: 35
Thai: 376,733 people
H’Mong: 81,952 people
Muong: 36,099 people
Dao: 18,860 people
Kinh: 123,068 people
Xinh Mun: 9,913 people
Kho Mu: 9,145 people
Laotian: 2,383 people
La Ha: 1,386 people
Khang: 1,248 people
Tay: 483 people
Tho: 210 people
Chinese: 136 people
Nung: 52 people
Kh’mer: 28 people
Giay: 21 people
Ba Na: 18 people
Co: 23 people
San Diu: 11 people
Ta Oi: 11 people
E De: 12 people
Son Chay: 5 people
Gia Rai: 5 people
Ngai: 1 people
K’Ho: 2 people
Cham: 9 people
H’Re: 2 people
M’Nong: 4 people
Xlieng: 1 people
Gie Trieng: 1 people
Van Kieu: 5 people
Na: 5 people
Ha Nhi: 3 people
Lo Lo: 2 people
Si La: 1 people
4. Religions:
Catholicism: 1,156 believers
Baptism: 1,179 believers
5. Cultural institution:
Classified relics (as of 7/5/1997): 4
Historical relics: 3
Scenery and relic: 1
Special important relics:
Son La Prison (historical relic)
Muong Va Tower - Ma River
Dua Ca Fort - Muong La
Scenic spots:
Ban Mon Cave - Thom Mon, Thuan Chau
Roi Cave - Moc Chau
Tat Toong Cave
Coo Nong Cave - Muong La
6. Festivals:
Xip Xi Festival of the Muong: on the 14th of the seventh moon of the lunar
calendar
Crop Praying Festival of the Kh’Mu: in the fourth moon of the lunar
calendar
New Rice Celebration of the Thai: in the tenth moon of the lunar calendar
1. Population: 3,512,754
2. Geographical features:
Total area: 11,138 square km
Thanh Hoa is adjacent to Ninh Binh province to the north, Nghe An to the
south, Laos to the west, Hoa Binh and Son La provinces to the north-west, the
East Sea to the east.
Thanh Hoa is about 152 km south of Ha Noi. Mountains and hills cover
seventy per cent of its area, its coastal length is about 102 km. Thanh Hoa is
divided into 3 parts: Plain of 186,423 ha, coastal region of 114,189 ha and
midland and mountainous area of 789,341 ha.
3. Ethnic groups: 6
Muong: 289,574 people
Thai: 196,723 people
Tho: 7,642 people
Mong: 6,900 people
Dao: 4,323 people
Kho Mu: 508 people
Other ethnic groups: 2,794 people
4. Religions:
Buddhism: 200,000 members.
Catholicism: 140,000 members.
5. Cultural institution:
Classified relics (as of 7/5/1997): 62
Historical relics: 39
Architectural and art relics: 7
Historical and cultural: 9
Scenic relics: 2
Archaeological relics: 2
Historical and scenic relics: 3
Special important relic:
Lam Kinh (historical relic)
Sam Son Beach (scenic relic)
Nha Ho rampart (cultural relic)
Da But cultural archaeological site
Dong Son cultural archaeological site (archaeological relic)
Scenic spots:
Sam Son
Tu Thuc cave
Hon Vong Phu
Do Mountain (Thieu Hoa)
6. Festivals:
Aniversary of Le Loi and Le Lai's deaths: from the twenty first to the
twenty second of the eighth moon of the lunar calendar
Aniversary of Quang Trung's death: on the fifth of the first moon of the
lunar calendar
1. Population: 617,415
2. Geographical features:
Total area: 5,800.8 square km
Adjacent to Ha Giang to the North, Phu Tho to the South, Bac Can to the
East, and Yen Bai to the West, with Cham Chu, a 1,587 metre high mountain at
Ham Yen district, the Gam, a 110 km long river flowing through Ha Nang and
Chiem Hoa district, and the Pho Day , a 81 km long river flowing through Son
Duong district.
3. Ethnic groups: 22
Kinh: 313,813 people
Tay: 147,761 people
Dao: 64,529 people
Cao Lan: 46,812 people
Nung: 12,739 people
Chinese: 11,640 people
H'mong: 9,334 people
San Diu: 8,963 people
Pa Then: 449 people
Muong: 213 people
Giay: 115 people
La Chi: 114 people
Thai: 110 people
Kh'mer: 90 people
K'lao: 90 people
Ngai: 110 people
M'nong: 66 people
Du Deo: 54 people
Ede: 46 people
Bo Y: 37 people
H're: 33 people
Lo Lo: 25 people
Others: 234 people
4. Religions:
Buddhism: 1,475 believers
Catholicism: 17,062 believers
5. Cultural institutions:
Museums, historical houses: 1 (provincial level), 39 historical houses
(communal level)
Classified relics (as of 7/5/1997): 6
Special relic:
Tan Trao historical site (wartime relic)
Sight seeing spots:
Thien Ke cave (Suong Duong)
Angel Cave (Han Yen)
Cave Pagoda (Yen Son)
Dat Nong Tien (Tuyen Quang)
Thuong (supreme) temple (Tuyen Quang town)
6. Festivals:
Long Hong festival of the Tay (Chiem Hoa): From the eighth of the first
month of the lunar calendar.
Nem Con Gieng Tanh festival of the Cao Lan (Yen Son): From the tenth of the
first month of the lunar calendar